The 1990s

94 theories

Chemtrail Conspiracy Theory
Debunked

Chemtrail Conspiracy Theory

The belief that aircraft contrails are chemical agents sprayed for population control or weather modification. Claims, science, and evidence examined.

1996 · United States
Unresolved

El Chupacabra — Goat Sucker

First reported in Puerto Rico in 1995 — livestock found drained of blood with puncture wounds. The original description (bipedal alien-like creature) differs sh

1995 · Puerto Rico
David Icke & The Reptilian Elite Theory
Debunked

David Icke & The Reptilian Elite Theory

How a former BBC sports presenter became the world's most famous conspiracy theorist and convinced millions that shape-shifting reptilian aliens run the world.

1991 · United Kingdom
Denver International Airport Conspiracy Theories
Debunked

Denver International Airport Conspiracy Theories

Denver International Airport has terrifying murals, a horse that killed its creator, Masonic symbols, and miles of underground tunnels. The conspiracy theories practically write themselves.

1995 · United States
Mixed

The Deep State Conspiracy

Explore the deep state theory claiming unelected bureaucrats in intelligence agencies and government secretly control policy and undermine democracy.

1990s · Turkey
Mixed

Who Killed the Electric Car? / GM EV1 Suppression

GM's 1996 EV1 electric vehicle was crushed despite consumer demand, fueling theories that oil companies and automakers colluded to suppress viable electric vehicle technology for decades.

1996 · United States
Debunked

George Soros Global Puppet Master Conspiracy

Examining claims that George Soros funds color revolutions, controls media, and destabilizes nations. Origins, antisemitic roots, and what evidence shows.

1990s · United States
GMO Conspiracy & Monsanto
Mixed

GMO Conspiracy & Monsanto

GMO conspiracy theories claim Monsanto controls the food supply, Roundup causes cancer, and terminator seeds enslave farmers. Origins, claims, and facts.

1994 · United States
Graham Hancock — Lost Advanced Civilization Theory
Unresolved

Graham Hancock — Lost Advanced Civilization Theory

Graham Hancock argues a globally connected advanced civilization existed before 12,800 BCE — destroyed by a comet impact (Younger Dryas event) — with survivors seeding later civilizations.

1995 · United Kingdom
Confirmed

Deny, Delay, Defend Insurance Strategy

The 'delay, deny, defend' strategy — documented in academic and legal literature — describes how insurers systematically delay, deny, and defend claims to reduce payouts and maximize profits.

1994 · United States
Illuminati in the Music Industry — All-Seeing Eye
Debunked

Illuminati in the Music Industry — All-Seeing Eye

The widely shared theory that pop stars flash Illuminati symbols (pyramids, one-eye poses) as public signals of membership in a secret elite controlling the entertainment industry.

1990 · United States
Incel Movement and Online Radicalization
Confirmed

Incel Movement and Online Radicalization

The incel movement has produced multiple mass killings. But the conspiracy goes deeper — into algorithmic radicalization, foreign amplification, and a genuine crisis of male loneliness.

1997 · United States
Insulin Price Fixing — Pharma Cartel
Confirmed

Insulin Price Fixing — Pharma Cartel

The three major insulin manufacturers — Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi — simultaneously raised insulin prices in near-lockstep for decades. Multiple class action lawsuits confirmed collusive pricing practices.

1996 · United States
Kurt Cobain Was Murdered
Unresolved

Kurt Cobain Was Murdered

The theory that Kurt Cobain was murdered, not a suicide. Tom Grant's investigation, the evidence questioned, and the official findings.

1994 · United States
New World Order Conspiracy
Debunked

New World Order Conspiracy

Examining the New World Order conspiracy theory — claims that a secretive global elite is engineering authoritarian one-world government.

1990 · United States
Confirmed

Opioid Crisis — Pharma Marketing Conspiracy

Confirmed through criminal charges and multi-billion dollar settlements: Purdue Pharma and the Sackler family deliberately downplayed OxyContin's addiction potential while paying doctors to over-prescribe.

1995 · United States
Debunked

Phantom Time Hypothesis — 297 Missing Years

Heribert Illig's 1991 hypothesis that 614-911 AD never happened — that approximately 297 years were fabricated by Holy Roman Emperor Otto III, Pope Sylvester II

1991 · Germany
The Phoenix Lights
Unresolved

The Phoenix Lights

On March 13, 1997, thousands of Arizonans witnessed a massive V-shaped formation of lights cross the state. The governor saw it too. Military flares explain part of it — but not the first event.

1997 · United States
Princess Diana Murder Conspiracy
Debunked

Princess Diana Murder Conspiracy

Examining claims that Princess Diana was assassinated in 1997 by MI6 or the Royal Family, and the investigations that concluded it was an accident.

1997 · United Kingdom
Debunked

Project Blue Beam — Fake Alien Invasion

The theory that NASA and the UN plan to use advanced holographic technology to simulate an alien invasion or Second Coming, enabling the establishment of a New World Order and one-world religion.

1994 · Canada
Reptilian Conspiracy Theory
Debunked

Reptilian Conspiracy Theory

The Reptilian conspiracy claims shape-shifting alien reptilians control world governments. Origins, David Icke's claims, and debunking.

1991 · United Kingdom
Skinwalker Ranch — UFO Portal / Paranormal Hotspot
Unresolved

Skinwalker Ranch — UFO Portal / Paranormal Hotspot

A 512-acre Utah ranch with documented poltergeist activity, cattle mutilations, UFO sightings, and interdimensional portals — owned by aerospace billionaire Robert Bigelow, who funded NIDS investigation.

1994 · United States
Tupac Shakur Faked His Death
Debunked

Tupac Shakur Faked His Death

Examining claims that Tupac Shakur faked his 1996 Las Vegas shooting death, including the Machiavelli connection, Cuba sightings, and posthumous releases.

1996 · United States
Vaccine–Autism Link
Debunked

Vaccine–Autism Link

The debunked claim that vaccines cause autism, originating from Andrew Wakefield's fraudulent 1998 study. The evidence, the fraud, and the fallout.

1998 · United Kingdom
Waco Siege and the Branch Davidians
Mixed

Waco Siege and the Branch Davidians

The 1993 Waco siege killed 76 Branch Davidians including 25 children. The government says David Koresh started the fire. FLIR footage, autopsy evidence, and destroyed evidence suggest otherwise.

1993 · United States
UN Agenda 21 / Agenda 2030 as World Government
Debunked

UN Agenda 21 / Agenda 2030 as World Government

Examining the theory that the UN's sustainable development frameworks Agenda 21 and Agenda 2030 are blueprints for abolishing private property, forced urban resettlement, and establishing a socialist world government.

1992 · United States
Biggie Smalls: LAPD Involvement in Murder
Unresolved

Biggie Smalls: LAPD Involvement in Murder

The investigation into whether corrupt LAPD officers connected to Death Row Records were involved in the 1997 murder of The Notorious B.I.G., supported by FBI files, a Los Angeles Times investigation, and the Rampart scandal.

1997 · United States
Black-Eyed Children
Unresolved

Black-Eyed Children

Reports of pale children with completely black eyes seeking entry to homes or cars — first widely reported by journalist Brian Bethel in 1998. An exploration of the origins, theories, and psychology behind the BEK phenomenon.

1998 · United States
The Black Knight Satellite
Debunked

The Black Knight Satellite

A thermal blanket, some radio noise, and a retracted paper — how a century of unrelated events were stitched into the myth of a 13,000-year-old alien satellite orbiting Earth.

1998 · United States
Blood Diamond Industry Cover-Up
Confirmed

Blood Diamond Industry Cover-Up

The diamond industry's decades-long knowledge and concealment of conflict diamond financing — diamonds funding civil wars in Sierra Leone, Angola, and the Congo — confirmed by UN panels

1990 · Sierra Leone
Brandon Lee: The Crow Set Conspiracy
Unresolved

Brandon Lee: The Crow Set Conspiracy

Theories about whether Brandon Lee's 1993 on-set shooting death during filming of The Crow was truly accidental, examining the prop gun malfunction, the Lee family curse, and allegations of deliberate sabotage.

1993 · United States
Illuminati Celebrity Blood Sacrifice
Debunked

Illuminati Celebrity Blood Sacrifice

The theory that celebrities who die under suspicious circumstances have been ritually sacrificed by Illuminati handlers in exchange for fame and career success.

1990 · United States
Chupacabra as Government Genetic Experiment
Debunked

Chupacabra as Government Genetic Experiment

The popular Puerto Rican theory that Chupacabra is an escaped US government genetic experiment being conducted at the El Yunque rainforest — citing US military presence on the island.

1995 · Puerto Rico
CIA / Private Sector Revolving Door
Confirmed

CIA / Private Sector Revolving Door

Over 70% of the U.S. intelligence budget goes to private contractors. How the line between spy agency and private company disappeared, and why it matters.

1990 · United States
Confirmed

CIA In-Q-Tel / Intelligence Funding of Silicon Valley

The CIA's investment arm In-Q-Tel has confirmed investments in Google (early-stage), Palantir, and dozens of data and surveillance technology firms, blurring the line between Big Tech and intelligence.

1999 · United States
The Clinton Body Count
Debunked

The Clinton Body Count

Examining the 'Clinton Body Count' — the persistent conspiracy theory that dozens of people connected to Bill and Hillary Clinton have died under suspicious circumstances.

1993 · United States
Committee of 300
Debunked

Committee of 300

John Coleman's conspiracy theory about 300 elite families controlling the world through drug trafficking, wars, and population control. Where it came from, what it claims, and why people believe it.

1992 · United States
Courtney Love Had Kurt Cobain Killed
Debunked

Courtney Love Had Kurt Cobain Killed

The allegation that Courtney Love hired someone to murder Kurt Cobain and stage it as a suicide — driven by private investigator Tom Grant and disputed forensic evidence.

1994 · United States
Dark Ages Were Fabricated / Never Happened
Debunked

Dark Ages Were Fabricated / Never Happened

The Phantom Time Hypothesis claims that 297 years of medieval history were fabricated — that Charlemagne never existed and the calendar was manipulated to place European civilization at the year 1000 CE.

1991 · Germany
Princess Diana Faked Her Death
Debunked

Princess Diana Faked Her Death

The variant theory that Diana faked her death to escape Royal Family control and the media spotlight, living anonymously thereafter — supported only by anecdotal sightings and disputed photograph analyses.

1997 · United Kingdom
Princess Diana's Secret Pregnancy
Debunked

Princess Diana's Secret Pregnancy

Mohamed Al-Fayed's claim that Diana was pregnant with Dodi's child at the time of her death, providing the Royal Family's motive for assassination — conclusively refuted by multiple post-mortem examinations.

1997 · United Kingdom
Vaccine Programs as Eugenics / Sterilization
Debunked

Vaccine Programs as Eugenics / Sterilization

The claim that mass vaccination programs in developing nations -- particularly tetanus and HPV campaigns -- secretly contain sterilization agents as part of a population reduction agenda.

1990 · Global
Mixed

FDA Regulatory Capture by Pharma

The argument that the FDA has been captured by the industries it regulates, with senior officials cycling between pharma companies and regulatory roles — leading to fast-tracked approvals, suppressed safety signals, and buried adverse event data.

1992 · United States
Secret Geoengineering & Solar Radiation Management
Mixed

Secret Geoengineering & Solar Radiation Management

The theory that governments are secretly conducting large-scale geoengineering operations -- including cloud seeding, stratospheric aerosol injection, and solar radiation management -- without public knowledge or consent.

1996 · United States
Debunked

HAARP as Earthquake Weapon

The theory that HAARP can trigger earthquakes as a tectonic weapon. Scientific evidence, energy analysis, and the physics of why it is impossible.

1995 · United States
HAARP Weather & Mind Control
Debunked

HAARP Weather & Mind Control

The HAARP conspiracy theory claims a US research facility controls weather, causes earthquakes, and enables mind control. Evidence and debunking examined.

1993 · United States
Economic Espionage — US Spying on Allies for Corporations
Confirmed

Economic Espionage — US Spying on Allies for Corporations

European Parliament investigations confirmed that the NSA's ECHELON surveillance network was used for economic espionage — giving Boeing inside intelligence on Airbus bids. This isn't a theory. It's confirmed.

1994 · United States
Kryptos: The CIA's Unsolved Sculpture
Unresolved

Kryptos: The CIA's Unsolved Sculpture

A copper sculpture at CIA headquarters has contained an unsolved code since 1990. Three of its four sections have been cracked. The final 97 characters remain one of the world's greatest cryptographic mysteries.

1990 · United States
We Live in the Matrix
Unresolved

We Live in the Matrix

The Matrix didn't just change cinema — it gave conspiracy theorists a universal metaphor. 'Red pill' culture, simulation theory, and the conviction that reality is a manufactured illusion all flow from a 1999 film about kung fu and trench coats.

1999-03-31 · United States
Mixed

Microchip Implant and Tracking Conspiracy

No, vaccines don't contain microchips. But RFID implants are real, companies do chip employees, and governments are building digital ID systems. The truth is weirder than the conspiracy.

1998 · United States
MMR Vaccine & The Wakefield Fraud
Debunked

MMR Vaccine & The Wakefield Fraud

Andrew Wakefield's fraudulent 1998 Lancet study falsely linking the MMR vaccine to autism, its retraction, and the global anti-vaccination movement it spawned.

1998 · United Kingdom
Debunked

The Montauk Project

The debunked claim that secret US government experiments in time travel, mind control, and portals took place at Montauk Air Force Station in the 1970s-80s.

1992 · United States
NATO Expansion — Broken Promise to Russia
Mixed

NATO Expansion — Broken Promise to Russia

Did the U.S. promise Gorbachev that NATO would not expand eastward after German reunification? Declassified documents, diplomatic accounts, and the geopolitical fallout explored.

1990 · United States
Nayirah Testimony — The Staged Kuwait Baby-Murder Story
Confirmed

Nayirah Testimony — The Staged Kuwait Baby-Murder Story

A confirmed propaganda operation: a 15-year-old testified before Congress that Iraqi soldiers ripped babies from incubators. She was the Kuwaiti ambassador's daughter. The whole thing was staged by PR firm Hill & Knowlton.

1990-10-10 · United States
NXIVM
Confirmed

NXIVM

NXIVM presented itself as a self-improvement company. Behind the scenes, it ran a secret sex cult, branded women like cattle, and used Bronfman billions to silence critics. Keith Raniere is now serving 120 years.

1998 · United States
Oklahoma City Bombing Conspiracy
Unresolved

Oklahoma City Bombing Conspiracy

The 1995 Oklahoma City bombing — killing 168 people — officially blamed on McVeigh and Nichols; conspiracy theories focus on the never-identified 'John Doe #2,'

1995 · United States
Patriot Movement & Militia Conspiracy Beliefs
Mixed

Patriot Movement & Militia Conspiracy Beliefs

The armed militia movement believes the US government is controlled by globalists planning to impose martial law and confiscate guns — with UN forces, FEMA, and the New World Order as imminent threats.

1992 · United States
Confirmed

Pay-to-Delay / Reverse Payment Settlement Conspiracy

Brand-name drug companies pay generic manufacturers to delay market entry, confirmed by the FTC as anticompetitive. The Supreme Court ruled in FTC v. Actavis (2013) that these deals can violate antitrust law.

1990 · United States
Confirmed

Pharmaceutical Trial Data Suppression / Publication Bias

GlaxoSmithKline was fined $3 billion after hiding Paxil's danger to adolescents. Ben Goldacre's 'Bad Pharma' documented systematic suppression of negative trial results across the industry.

1990 · United States
Confirmed

Pharmaceutical Price-Fixing Conspiracy

30+ companies indicted, executives jailed, and generic drug prices rigged for years. From Martin Shkreli's 5,000% Daraprim hike to insulin cartels — Big Pharma's confirmed conspiracy.

1990s · United States
Fluoride Calcifies the Pineal Gland
Unresolved

Fluoride Calcifies the Pineal Gland

The theory that sodium fluoride accumulates in and calcifies the pineal gland, suppressing melatonin production, spiritual consciousness, and psychic awareness as deliberate social control.

1997 · United Kingdom
Debunked

Planet X / Nibiru Collision

The prediction of a rogue planet called Nibiru or Planet X on a collision course with Earth, allegedly known to governments and suppressed to prevent panic.

1995 · United States
Unresolved

Great Pyramid as Power Plant

The theory that the Great Pyramid of Giza was not a tomb but a functioning energy generation and transmission device, possibly linked to Nikola Tesla's wireless power concepts.

1998 · United States
Mixed

RFID Microchip Implant Surveillance

The conspiracy theory that governments will mandate implantable RFID microchips for tracking and control. From VeriChip to COVID vaccine myths, the evidence examined.

1998 · United States
1999 Russian Apartment Bombings — Putin's False Flag
Unresolved

1999 Russian Apartment Bombings — Putin's False Flag

In September 1999, bombs destroyed four Russian apartment buildings, killing nearly 300 people. The bombings launched Putin's career and the Second Chechen War. Every person who investigated FSB involvement was murdered.

1999-09-04 · Russia
Ruby Ridge
Confirmed

Ruby Ridge

At Ruby Ridge in 1992, US Marshals killed a 14-year-old boy and the FBI shot a mother holding her baby. The government was found at fault, paid $3.1M, and the incident radicalized the American militia movement.

1992 · United States
Debunked

Thimerosal / Mercury in Vaccines

The claim that thimerosal (ethylmercury preservative) in vaccines causes autism and neurological damage. Despite massive studies involving millions of children, no causal link has ever been found.

1999 · United States
Titanic–Olympic Switch Theory
Debunked

Titanic–Olympic Switch Theory

The conspiracy theory that the White Star Line secretly swapped the RMS Titanic with the damaged RMS Olympic and sank her for insurance money. Origins, evidence, and debunking.

1995 · United Kingdom
Tupac Lives in Cuba
Debunked

Tupac Lives in Cuba

Examining the persistent theory that Tupac Shakur faked his 1996 death and escaped to Cuba with the help of his aunt Assata Shakur and Fidel Castro's government.

1996 · United States
Unresolved

TWA Flight 800 Conspiracy Theories

230 people died when TWA Flight 800 exploded over the Atlantic in 1996. Over 700 witnesses saw a streak of light. The official story says faulty wiring. Not everyone agrees.

1996-07-17 · United States
Vince Foster Murder Conspiracy
Debunked

Vince Foster Murder Conspiracy

Examining the conspiracy theory that Clinton aide Vince Foster was murdered and the body staged -- five investigations ruled suicide, but the theory persists.

1993 · United States
White Genocide Conspiracy Theory
Debunked

White Genocide Conspiracy Theory

The white genocide conspiracy theory claims immigration, multiculturalism, and interracial marriage are a deliberate plot to eliminate white people. History, evidence, and debunking.

1995 · United States
Confirmed

WWASPS — World Wide Association of Specialty Programs

WWASPS operated abusive teen programs across 5 countries including Tranquility Bay and Casa by the Sea. Beatings, isolation, RICO lawsuits, and political protection in Utah.

1990s · United States
Mixed

Y2K Catastrophe — Was It Real or Manufactured Fear?

When the clock struck midnight on January 1, 2000, planes didn't fall from the sky. Was Y2K a genuine crisis averted by heroic programming, or a manufactured panic that funneled billions to the tech industry? The answer is frustratingly both.

1999 · Global
Academy at Swift River — CEDU's East Coast Campus
Confirmed

Academy at Swift River — CEDU's East Coast Campus

Academy at Swift River brought CEDU's Synanon-derived methods to Massachusetts. Raps, propheets, isolation, and the east coast arm of the troubled teen pipeline.

1990s · United States
Aluminum Adjuvants in Vaccines
Unresolved

Aluminum Adjuvants in Vaccines

The contested claim that aluminum salts used as immune-stimulating adjuvants in vaccines accumulate in brain tissue and contribute to neurological conditions

1998 · Global
Mixed

Alex Jones & InfoWars: The Conspiracy Media Empire

Alex Jones built a conspiracy media empire on InfoWars. His predictions, Sandy Hook lies, billion-dollar lawsuit, and lasting influence on American politics.

1996 · United States
Confirmed

Boulder Creek Academy — CEDU's Bonners Ferry Campus

Boulder Creek Academy in Bonners Ferry, Idaho used CEDU's Synanon-derived raps and propheets. One of the last schools in the troubled teen network to close.

1990s · United States
BPA & Endocrine Disruptor Suppression
Mixed

BPA & Endocrine Disruptor Suppression

Claims that bisphenol-A and other endocrine-disrupting chemicals are deliberately kept in consumer products despite known harms to hormonal health and fertility

1997 · United States
Carbon Tax as Global Wealth Transfer
Debunked

Carbon Tax as Global Wealth Transfer

The theory that carbon pricing and emissions trading schemes are not environmental policies but mechanisms to transfer wealth from developed to developing nations and consolidate global financial control.

1997 · United States
Debunked

Chemtrail Heavy Metal Contamination

The specific claim that chemtrails deposit barium, strontium, and aluminum nanoparticles into the environment and human bodies, and why soil and water testing does not support it.

1996 · United States
Debunked

Chemtrail-Caused Respiratory Disease

The specific claim that chemtrail spraying causes asthma, allergies, and COPD by depositing particulate metals and biological agents in breathable air — debunked by atmospheric science and epidemiology.

1999 · United States
Climate Scientists Paid for Alarmism
Debunked

Climate Scientists Paid for Alarmism

The allegation that climate researchers systematically exaggerate findings to secure grant funding and career advancement, with institutions rewarding alarmism over accuracy.

1990 · United States
Crop Circles at Sacred Site Nodes — Earth Energy Theory
Debunked

Crop Circles at Sacred Site Nodes — Earth Energy Theory

The observation that crop circles appear disproportionately near ancient sacred sites in Wiltshire (Stonehenge, Avebury, Silbury Hill) has inspired earth-energy theories connecting megaliths to crop formation.

1990 · United Kingdom
Dulles' Plan — CIA Plot to Destroy Russia from Within
Debunked

Dulles' Plan — CIA Plot to Destroy Russia from Within

A text widely circulated in Russia claiming CIA Director Allen Dulles outlined a plan to corrupt Russian culture and morals from within -- the document is a fabrication, likely from a Soviet novel.

1992 · Russia
Golden Billion — Russia's Western Elitism Theory
Debunked

Golden Billion — Russia's Western Elitism Theory

The 'Golden Billion' conspiracy theory claims Western elites plan to maintain prosperity for a billion Westerners while impoverishing the rest of humanity. Used by Russian state media to justify anti-Western foreign policy, its origins trace to Soviet-era propaganda.

1990 · Russia
Insurance Industry Climate Risk Knowledge Cover-Up
Mixed

Insurance Industry Climate Risk Knowledge Cover-Up

Insurers have internally modeled devastating climate risk since the 1990s while some publicly downplayed it and lobbied against regulation. The parallels to Big Tobacco and Big Oil's knowledge suppression are striking — but is it a conspiracy or just capitalism?

1990 · United States
Loyd Jowers & Government MLK Conspiracy
Unresolved

Loyd Jowers & Government MLK Conspiracy

Restaurant owner Loyd Jowers claimed he was part of a plot to kill Martin Luther King Jr. A 1999 civil jury agreed. The DOJ disagreed. The truth remains one of America's most contested questions.

1993 · United States
Mixed

Payment for Order Flow / Retail Investor Exploitation

How payment for order flow lets market makers like Citadel Securities profit from retail investors' trades. The Madoff origins, Robinhood model, GameStop fallout, and the debate over market fairness.

1990 · United States
Confirmed

Northwest Academy — The CEDU School on Ruby Creek Road

Northwest Academy operated for 24 years in the Idaho panhandle, steps from Ruby Ridge. The 1997 riot, validated abuse allegations, and CEDU's Boundary County empire.

1994 · United States
Confirmed

The Opioid Epidemic: Purdue Pharma and the Deliberate Addiction Strategy

The Sackler family's Purdue Pharma deliberately got America addicted to OxyContin. Explore the evidence, FDA corruption, and the conspiracy that killed 500,000 people.

1996 · United States
Chemtrails as Population Control
Debunked

Chemtrails as Population Control

The specific variant of chemtrail theory claiming the aerosols contain sterilization agents, slow-acting toxins, or mind-suppressing chemicals as part of a deliberate depopulation program.

1999 · United States
Debunked

Solar Cycles Explain All Climate Change

The debunked claim that solar cycles, not CO2 emissions, drive all climate change. Explore the science, the cosmic ray hypothesis, and why satellite data disprove this theory.

1991 · Denmark
The 'Vast Right-Wing Conspiracy'
Mixed

The 'Vast Right-Wing Conspiracy'

In 1998, Hillary Clinton described a 'vast right-wing conspiracy' targeting her husband. She was mocked mercilessly. Then the Arkansas Project, Richard Mellon Scaife's $2.4 million oppo research operation, was exposed. Turns out there actually was a coordinated effort.

1998-01-27 · United States